3.3.23. Nozzles
Faulty nozzles can lead to a strong detonation of the engine and cause damage of bearings. At similar malfunctions leave the engine to idle, and weaken one after another cap nuts of nozzles. If when weakening one of cap nuts the detonation disappears, it indicates a faulty nozzle.
The faulty nozzle can be found also, easing in the order of cap nuts, during the operation of the engine on bystry single to the course. If when weakening a cap nut speed does not change, the corresponding nozzle means it is faulty. The nozzle can be checked by means of the manometer (it is carried out in a workshop). The required injection pressure: 120–140 bars.
The first signs of malfunction of nozzles are:
– interruptions in operation of cylinders;
– knock in one or several cylinders;
– engine overheat;
– falling of engine capacity;
– too black exhaust gas;
– high fuel consumption.
Removal
| PERFORMANCE ORDER |
| 1. Carefully clear outside a cold cleaner or diesel fuel fuel-supply lines of high pressure and returnable fuel-supply lines. |
| 2. Remove fuel-supply lines of high pressure in a set, for this purpose weaken cap nuts on the pump and nozzles the cut-through cap key. At the same time hold fastening by a usual key. Do not change a pipeline bend form. |
Prevention
After removal of fuel-supply lines stop up openings with suitable traffic jams that dirt and foreign matters did not get.
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| 3. Disconnect a returnable fuel hose. |
| 4. Unscrew nuts of the returnable pipeline. |
Prevention
At the same time hold the pipeline for a hexagon a key, otherwise it can be bent or break.
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| 5. Remove the returnable pipeline. |
| 6. Turn out nozzles a face key and spread out them in an adjusting order. If necessary mark nozzles with a tape that they could be established on former places. |
| 7. Cover openings of nozzles that foreign matters did not get. |
| 8. Take out laying of nozzles. Laying should be replaced surely. |
Prevention
Do not clean a nozzle or a needle of nozzles a wire or a file at all. Do not mix separate details of nozzles among themselves.
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Installation
| PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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1. Clear openings of nozzles in a head of cylinders and surely establish four new heat-resistant laying. Deepening has to be turned up. The arrow specifies to a head of cylinders. |
| 2. Establish nozzles and tighten with effort 70 N. of m. |
Prevention
Pulling of nozzles can lead to deformation of nozzles that in turn will lead to jamming of a needle or other malfunctions.
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| 3. Install the returnable pipeline with four new laying and put the clamps with 45 N.' effort of m. |
Prevention
At the same time hold the pipeline from a provorachivaniye a key.
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| 4. Establish fuel-supply lines of high pressure, tighten cap nuts with 25 N.' effort of m. At the same time hold fastening from a provorachivaniye. |
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5. On all nozzles slightly weaken cap nuts of fuel-supply lines of high pressure. |
| 6. Turn the engine a starter until on pipelines of high pressure fuel acts. |
| 7. Tighten cap nuts with the ordered effort. |
| 8. If necessary pump over fuel system the manual pump. |
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